Systemic hypertension in adults with congenital heart diseases

Long-term effects of systemic hypertension (HTN) and HTN-mediated damages have been largely studied in noncongenital adult populations. By contrast, robust data about the predisposing factors, prevalence, consequences, and treatment of HTN in adults with congenital heart diseases (ACHD) is still scarce. Different mechanisms including the underlying cardiac disease, cardiac surgery and its consequences, the development of metabolic syndrome and secondary forms seem to play a role in HTN in ACHDs. To mitigate the potential long-term effects of HTN in this complex population, a meticulous follow-up is mandatory to identify patients who should receive treatment, and tailored strategies should be applied to obtain the best as possible result.Thus, this review will investigate risk factors, effects, and treatments of HTN in ACHD patients.