Combined treatment with Prunella vulgaris and Radix bupleuri activated the Bax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 signal pathways in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells

To explore the effect of Prunella vulgaris (PV) combined with Radix bupleuri (RB) on apoptosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells. Our study was divided into four groups: the control group, the PV group, the RB group, and the PV combined with the RB group. The viability of cells from different treatment groups was assessed by the CCK-8 assay. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by healing wounding and the transwell assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle arrest were detected by a flow cytometry assay. The protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, CyclinA1, CyclinB1, and CDK1 was detected using a western blot assay. Our results indicated that, compared with the control group, PV combined with RB group could significantly alter the cell morphology, inhibit cell migration and invasion, decrease the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase and increase the number of cells in the G2/M phase, and promote the cell apoptosis. Moreover, PV combined with RB treatment also obviously increased the expression of Bax/Bcl2 and caspase-3 proteins and decreased the expression of Cyclin A1, Cyclin B1, and CDK1 proteins. Overall, our results indicated that PV combined with RB could activate the Bax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 signal pathways to induce cell apoptosis in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells; this also provides a new way to treat thyroid cancer.