Status-aware and energy-efficient data aggregation for inter-tidal monitoring systems.

The Inter-tidal area is an important habitat for marine organisms and the wireless sensor network is a good candidate for data collection and environmental monitoring, yet faces challenges. Due to the poor link condition, our observations in three deployed inter-tidal wireless sensor networks (IT-WSN) reveal that only around 40% of packets can be received with extremely long transmission delays. On the other hand, relay nodes run out of energy much early than leaf nodes, which significantly shorten the system lifespan. Based on these observations in real systems, we specifically design a compressive-sensing-based data aggregation (CS-DA) mechanism and an adaptive operation strategy (AOS) for the system to mitigate the above problems. The real-trace-driven evaluation demonstrates that we can collect all data packets with a 94.46% accuracy with only 40% of packets received, while the lifespan of the system can be extended by 54.9% with AOS.