Optimum design and techno-socio-economic analysis of a PV/biomass based hybrid energy system for a remote hilly area using discrete grey wolf optimization algorithm

Un-economical grid extension in remote locations has motivated to the creation of stand-alone systems that are inexpensive and reasonably efficient. Renewable sources such as solar energy and biomass are easily available in remote and rural areas which can be utilized to fulfil the energy demands. In the present paper, a PV/Biomass/ Battery based hybrid system is considered for an un-electrified village located in Indian state of West Bengal. A novel design of hybrid energy system has been investigated under the technical, social and economic constraints. Further, two distinct resource scenarios have been considered and compared based on system cost. Further, 12 combinations of batteries and PV panels available in market are considered. The Discrete Grey Wolf Optimization (DGWO) algorithm has been used to investigate the optimal sizes and the system net present cost (NPC). Based on the findings, it is found that Scenario-2 (Biomass-solar-battery-based hybrid system) yields the lowest NPC of $159,648.70 at the levelized cost of energy of $0.0712/kWh.