Comparative evaluation of different extraction methods for phytochemical content and elucidation of microstructure from moringa oleifera lam

In this study, the effects of three different extraction methods on the antioxidant capacity, phenolic component, volatile organic molecule, and amino acid contents in the leaves of the Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) were compared. The amino acid contents were evaluated via liquid chromatography -diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. In gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, loliolide and phytol molecules were detected in moringa leaves. Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, hesperidin, hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol were found in high amounts in moringa leaves by liquid chromatography -tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Tyrosine, glutamic acid, alanine, tryptophan, and L-theanine amino acids were determined by HPLC-DAD analysis. Microstructures images of three extracts were shown with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Element content and mapping were demonstrated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). It was found that the best extraction method is MDAE when compared to UBAE and HAE.