Achieving large piezoelectric response and ultrahigh electrostriction in [001] textured BiScO₃-PbTiO₃ high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics

[001] textured 0.40BiScO(3)-0.60PbTiO(3)-0.125 mol%Nb5+ (BS-60PT-0.125Nb) high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics were synthesized using templated grain growth process. A high texture degree F-001 of 99% was obtained using 2 vol% BaTiO3 (BT) templates. The piezoelectric charge constant d(33) and the unipolar strain under 40 kV cm(-1) at room temperature for the textured ceramics are 646 pC N-1 and 0.36%, respectively, which is over two times as those for untextured ceramics (similar to 243 pC N-1 and 0.17%). The electrostriction Q(33) value of the textured sample remarkably increased from 0.034 m(4) C-2 to 0.068 m(4) C-2 under 30 kV cm(-1), showing a twice higher than untextured. Compared with random ceramics, the improvement piezoelectric response of the textured ceramics is primarily attributed to the increase of the dielectric constant epsilon(r) and electrostriction coefficient Q(33) along [001] orientation, which is originating from the anisotropy of piezoelectricity. The BS-60PT-0.125Nb textured ceramics have large piezoelectric response and ultrahigh electrostriction with high temperature stability (high depolarization temperature T-d of similar to 360 degrees C and high Curie temperature T-c of 421 degrees C), showing great potential for the piezoelectric applications at high temperatures.