Using community science data to assess the association between urbanization and the presence of invasive Aedes species in Hungary

Background Urbanization can be a significant contributor to the spread of invasive mosquito vector species, and the diseases they carry, as urbanized habitats provide access to a great density of food resources (humans and domestic animals) and offer abundant breeding sites for these vectors. Although anthropogenic landscapes are often associated with the presence of invasive mosquito species, we still have little understanding about the relationships between some of these and the built environment. Methods This study explores the association between urbanization level and the occurrence of invasive Aedes species, specifically Aedes albopictus , Aedes japonicus , and Aedes koreicus , in Hungary, using data from a community (or citizen) science program undertaken between 2019 and 2022. Results The association between each of these species and urbanized landscapes within an extensive geographic area was found to differ. Using the same standardized approach, Ae. albopictus showed a statistically significant and positive relationship with urbanization, whereas Ae. japonicus and Ae. koreicus did not. Conclusions The findings highlight the importance of community science to mosquito research, as the data gathered using this approach can be used to make qualitative comparisons between species to explore their ecological requirements. Graphical Abstract