Probing electromagnetic-gravitational wave emission coincidence in type I binary-driven hypernova family of long GRBs at very-high redshift
arXiv (Cornell University)(2023)
摘要
The repointing time of the XRT instrument on the Neil Gehrels Swift
Observatory satellite has posed challenges in observing and studying the early
X-ray emissions within ≈40 s after a gamma-ray burst (GRB) trigger. To
address this issue, we adopt a novel approach that capitalizes on the
cosmological time dilation in GRBs with redshifts ranging from 3 to 9.
Applying this strategy to Swift/XRT data, we investigate the earliest X-ray
emissions of 368 GRBs from the Swift catalog, including short and long GRBs.
We compare the time delay between the GRB trigger and the initial Swift/XRT
observation, measured in the GRB observer frame (OTD) and the cosmological
rest-frame (RTD). This technique is here used in the analysis of GRB 090423 at
z=8.233 (RTD ∼8.2 s), GRB 090429B at z≈9.4 (RTD ∼10.1 s),
and GRB 220101A at z=4.61 (RTD ∼14.4 s). The cosmological time dilation
enables us to observe the very early X-ray afterglow emission in these three
GRBs. We thus validate the observation of the collapse of the carbon-oxygen
(CO) core and the coeval newborn neutron star (νNS) formation triggering
the GRB event in the binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) scenario. We also evidence
the νNS spin-up due to supernova ejecta fallback and its subsequent slowing
down due to the X-optical-radio synchrotron afterglow emission. A brief
gravitational wave signal may separate the two stages due to a fast-spinning
νNS triaxial-to-axisymmetric transition. We also analyze the long GRB
redshift distribution for the different BdHN types and infer that BdHNe II and
III may originate the NS binary progenitors of short GRBs.
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关键词
hypernova family,long grbs,electromagnetic-gravitational,binary-driven,very-high
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