Socio-ecological resilience of marginal coral reefs in Java Sea Indonesia

Abstract The marginal coral reefs in the Java Sea, Indonesia, have been degraded due to two main factors: disturbances from nature and human activities (anthropogenic). The accumulated increased pressure it receives has resulted in more severe degradation impacts on coral reef ecosystems. Therefore, it is essential to know the socio-ecological resilience of the coral reef ecosystem. The research aims to study the socio-ecological resilience of marginal coral reefs in the Java Sea. The research method used was the survey method. The socio-ecological resilience index was assessed from the attributes of bioecology of coral reefs resilience, reef fish resilience, Socio-cultural resilience, and Socioeconomic resilience. The results showed that the bioecology Coral reef resilience index was in the medium category (2 .72). The resilience index of reef fish was in the inferior class (1). The socio-cultural resilience index is good (3,62), socioeconomic resilience index has a good resilience value (3.14). The socio-ecological resilience index of the coral reef ecosystem is 2.45, which means the poor category.