Imprints of large-scale oscillations on river flow in selected Canadian river catchments

<p><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">Rivers within sub-tropical and temperate regions serve several purposes, including agri</span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">cultural irrigation, hydro-power generation, and drivers of civilization. The impacts of six </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">large-scale oscillation indices on river flow at three stations within Humber catchments </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">(Ontario and Labrador) between 1970 and 2020 were investigated using sensitivity and </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">wavelet analyses. Results showed that the discharge at East Humber River near Pine has </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">the highest statistically significant sensitivity of 0.304 and 0.394 units per month to the </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">Dipole Mode Index (DMI) and Tropical North Atlantic (TNA), respectively. Monthly sig</span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">nificance analysis also showed the varied influence of large-scale oscillations on the river </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">flow at these locations. Wavelet analysis reveals significant active multidecadal oscillations </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">for the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) at East Humber River near Pine with high spec</span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">tral power. This study has identified the contributions of different climatic indices to river </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">flow within the Humber catchments. The results will be helpful in environmental planning </span><span dir="ltr" role="presentation">and effective water management within the basin.</span></p>