Microbial nanotechnology: a potential tool for a sustainable environment

Anthropocene is an era to establish a tacit balance between natural resource acquisitions versus development, especially in developing nations. Nanotechnology/nanomaterial tools provide us with an opportunity to establish this critical balance for sustainable development. Nanotechnology may play a pivotal role in achieving a sustainable environment by reducing damage caused by anthropogenic activities. Technology-based nanostructures could assist to slow down the damage to natural systems. Nanomaterials are used in water remediation, air purification, nanomaterial-based solar cells for catering energy requirements, medicines and sensing, etc. Recently, there is a surge in usage of these techniques and/or materials. However, the traditional method using chemical and physical methods used to synthesize these nanoparticles has many disadvantages as the end products disposal of such materials is a challenge. Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles through the use of microorganisms provides an excellent opportunity for the development of nanoparticles as compared to the traditional methods. The current study looks into the various aspects of how these nanowastes can be handled with minimum environmental damage. The study will synthesize information related to the above aspects and try to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the use of nanoparticles for a sustainable future.