Atom-based power-frequency electric field measurement using the radio-frequency-modulated Rydberg spectroscopy

The radio-frequency modulated electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT)in a ladder three-level system with Rydberg state is studied.Under the influence of a fast radio-frequency field,the EIT peak splits into a series of sidebands.When attaching a power-frequency electric field directly to the fast radio-frequency field,the odd-order sidebands of the Rydberg-EIT oscillate sensitively with the power-frequency field.The oscillation frequency is equal to twice the power frequency;the oscillation amplitude is monotonically increasing with the amplitude of the power-frequency field when the change of Stark-shift is smaller than the radio frequency.Our work paves the way for measurement of power-frequency electric field based on Rydberg atoms.