Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping

AbstractThis chapter introduces Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM), a method for developing and analysing ‘semi-quantitative’ (i.e. using and producing indicative rather than predictive numerical values) causal models. We explain in simple language what an FCM map is made up of and the two main ways in which analysis is done. We go into some detail on how to do it yourself and provide reflections on common issues and tricks of the trade. We also discuss its roots and debates in the field since. Finally, we provide some advice and resources for getting started yourself.