Combined lifestyle interventions

Obesity is a complex, progressive, and relapsing chronic disease that increases morbidity and mortality. A multimodal patient-centered approach to the prevention and treatment of obesity is required to combat the epidemic of obesity. The combined lifestyle interventions of dietary changes, physical activity, and behavioral therapies are three main tenets of obesity management and are foundational for durable weight loss (Fig. 23.1). In addition, managing sleep and stress is important for weight management. Pharmacological therapy and bariatric surgery also require nutritional changes, physical activity, and psychological interventions for long-term success in managing excessive weight.