Juno MWR Revealed Points-of-interest from Error Analysis

<p>Jupiter has ubiquitous clouds and enormous surface structures shrouding the planet. Juno MWR provides the unprecedented chance to answer remaining major questions about the composition and dynamical properties of the great bulk of the atmosphere that lies beneath. Since the launch of Juno, there has been a large effort to collect complementary ground- and space-based observations to help interpret the MWR data. The Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) onboard Juno complements the observations of MWR, by giving alternative and reference tropospheric measurements that provides the boundary condition for the interpretation of the MWR data [Adriani et al 2014]. Similarly, HST has a 6-month overlap with 13 Juno orbits and color images were constructed from images of Jupiter in red, green, and blue filters by JunoCam [Hansen et al., 2014]. We study the dynamics within the atmosphere by relating the exterior information provided by these surface maps to the deep interior detected by MWR.</p><p>During Aug 27, 2016 to October 24, 2017, MWR obtained 8 perijoves (PJ1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), all scanning Jupiter&#8217;s atmosphere from North to South, covering various longitudes. By combing observations from these perijoves, we are able to study the global-averaged atmosphere and the anomalies to be compared with top atmosphere maps. The success of such a study depends on the stability of calibration between different perijoves. In order to combine those data, we investigate and remove the calibration drift with respect to time using our error analysis process. We report two outcomes from the error analysis: 1) The atmosphere stability with respect to longitude and time, as compared to the latitudinal belt and zone structures. 2) The spotted points-of-interest which lie 2 standard deviations away from the global-averaged atmosphere. We compare them with Jupiter&#8217;s surface atmosphere images taken by JunoCam, HST and JIRAM, and retrieve the corresponding NH₃ volume mixing ratio from surface to over 100 bars.</p>