One-day outpatient health management prevents hazardous events during fetal childbirth of gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract Background: To analyze the effects of one-day outpatient health management on premature birth, macrosomia, and low-birth-weight infants in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods: Medical records of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in our hospital during 2019 were retrospectively collected, including basic information, family history, and pregnancy complications. The outcomes, including preterm birth, macrosomia , and low-birth-weight infants, of patients receiving one-day outpatient health management or not were observed. Logistic regression analysis was used to detect the potential relationship between one-day outpatient health management and outcomes.Results: A total of 1393 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus presented to Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in 2019, including 104 premature births, 91 low-birth-weight infants, and 71 macrosomia infants. The mean age of the selected subjects was 33.06 ± 4.83 and the mean body mass index was 22.78 ± 3.18 kg/m2. A total of 535 (38.41%) patients with gestational diabetes mellitus volunteered to participate in the one-day outpatient health management program. This health management [odds ratio = 0.474 (95% confidence interval 0.272–0.826)] was a protective factor for macrosomia; however, it was not associated with premature birth and low-birth-weight.Conclusions: The degree of acceptance of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus to a one-day outpatient health management program is still low. This health management program reduced the risk of macrosomia in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus by 52.6%. In the future, regular follow-up should be introduced in clinical practice to further improve the effects of one-day programs.