EG-FourQ: An Embedded GPU-Based Efficient ECC Cryptography Accelerator for Edge Computing

With the continuous development of Industry 4.0 technology, the embedded devices in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are showing explosive growth, and large-scale cyber attacks or related security incidents continue to sound the alarm bell of information security. IIoT has strict requirements on computing performance and energy consumption, which poses severe challenges to cryptographic algorithms, especially public key cryptographic algorithms with high computational complexity. Embedded graphic processing unit (GPU) devices, always as edge computing nodes or AI accelerators, are widely deployed in IIoT applications. In this article, we propose an embedded GPU-based FourQ(EG-FourQ)elliptic curve public key cryptographic acceleration scheme. As far as we know, EG-FourQ is the first work to completely implement FourQ on the GPU platforms, including finite field operations, point arithmetic, and scalar multiplication. Relying only on 36-W power consumption, our scalar multiplication performance reaches 1717 kops/s with the latency of 2.38 ms. In terms of the energy-efficiency ratio, EG-FourQ has significant advantages over other platforms such as advanced RISC machines (ARM) CPU, Intel CPU, field programmable gate array (FPGA), and desktop GPUs. The throughput of EG-FourQ is 1.75 times that of the fastest elliptic curve cryptography implementation based on the same platform and even exceeds the performance of Intel top server CPU E5-2699v3 (18-core). Based on the embedded GPU Xavier, EG-FourQ can act as a cryptographic edge computing module or even a cloud cryptographic accelerator, providing more efficient elliptic curve cryptographic services for IIoT.