Intrinsically Stretchable Integrated Passive Matrix Electrochromic Display Using PEDOT:PSS Ionic Liquid Composite

The low power consumptionof electrochromism makes itwidely usedin actively shaded windows and mirrors, while flexible versions areattractive for use in wearable devices. Initial demonstration of stretchableelectrochromic elements promises good conformability to complex surfaces.Here, fully integrated intrinsically stretchable electrochromic devicesare demonstrated as single elements and 3 x 3 displays. Conductiveand electrochromic ionic liquid-doped poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate is combined with poly-(vinyl alcohol)-based electrolyteto form complete cells. A transmission change of 15% is demonstrated,along with a reflectance change of 25% for opaque reflective devices,with <7 s switching time, even under 30% strain. Stability underboth electrochemical and mechanical strain cycling is demonstrated.A passive matrix display exhibits addressability and low cross-talkunder strain. Comparable optical performance to flexible electrochromicsand higher deformability provide attractive qualities for use in wearable,biometric monitoring, and robotic skin devices.