Minimally invasive interventions for pulmonary nodules biopsy. Systematic review protocol.

Abstract Background Lung cancer is the most common malignancy, causing more than 1.6 million deaths annually worldwide, including approximately 26.500 deaths in Brazil alone in 2015. The diagnosis of pulmonary nodules remains a challenge. Imaging tests are important for diagnostic suspicion and for estimating risk, but biopsy is necessary to confirm malignancy. Minimally invasive methods currently used include tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy (CTGB) and bronchoscopy transbronchial biopsy. The method of choice should have the best accuracy with the lowest possible complication rate. This systematic review was designed to map, critically evaluate and compare the effects (benefits and risks) of all lung nodule biopsy techniques. Methods We will conduct a systematic review accordantly to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions recommendations. Discussion This study aims to compare the diagnostic yield and the safety of different techniques used for pulmonary nodule biopsies. We will include randomized clinical trials comparing tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy, non-guided transbronchial biopsy, fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial biopsy, transbronchial biopsy guided by endobronchial ultrasound with radial probe and transbronchial biopsy guided by electromagnetic navigation. This study was approved by the research ethics committee of Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) with the number 1344040918. The results of the completed protocol will be presented at any appropriate conference by the authors.Systematic review registration The protocol for this review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO database (C RD42018092367).