Life-history evolution in response to foraging risk, modelled for Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua)

•Higher risks associated with foraging disproportionately affect high-foragers.•Selection favors individuals willing to forego food for safety when risk is high.•This results in individuals with smaller energy intake, and subsequent growth.•Small individuals experience larger natural mortality, increasing overall mortality.•Selection then favors early maturation and faster pace-of-life.