Cerebral oxygen metabolism from MRI susceptibility

•Provide an overview of the magnetic susceptibility properties of blood and their contribution to the MRI signal.•Describe the principles of existing MRI oximetry methods exploiting susceptibility-induced signal modulations.•Review recent advances in susceptibility-based MRI techniques for quantifying cerebral oxygen metabolism.•Summarize application studies using susceptibility-based MRI oximetry on human brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases.