The role of circulating viral and tumour DNA in the diagnosis and management of HPV associated anogenital cancers, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ctDNA and cHPV DNA are promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the detection of anogenital disease. Evolution and refinement of molecular tools is likely to improve performance further. Additionally the comparative absence of studies in the vulval, vaginal and penile context warrants further exploration and research.