Comparison of Data-Driven Identified Hypertension-Protective Dietary Patterns among Chinese Adults: Based on a Nationwide Study

Diet pattern (DP) is a key modifiable and cost-effective factor in hypertension (HTN) management. The current study aimed to identify and compare the hypertension-protective DPs among Chinese adults. 52,648 participants aged over 18 years were included from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNHS) 2015–2017. Reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least square regression (PLS) was applied to identify the DPs. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the association between the DPs and HTN. DPs derived by RRR and PLS were both featured by higher consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits, mushrooms and edible fungi, seaweeds, soybeans and related products, mixed legumes, dairy products, fresh eggs, and lower of refined grain consumption. Compared to the lowest quintile, participants in the highest quintile had lower odds of HTN (RRR-DP: OR = 0.77, 95