Effects of nebulized adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on acute lung injury following smoke inhalation in sheep

•This manuscript describes efficacy of nebulized mesenchymal stem cell on smoke inhalation-induced acute lung injury.•The one-time nebulization of 10 million mesenchymal stem cell may be insufficient to alleviate the severity of ARDS.•Further studies are needed to improve the survival of mesenchymal stem cell in harsh airway conditions.