Wearable synthetic leather-based high-performance X-ray shielding materials enabled by the plant polyphenol- and hierarchical structure-facilitated dispersion

Effective protection against X-ray is the premise of utilizing the X-ray, thus it is critical to develop novel X-ray shielding materials with both low density and high X-ray attenuation efficiency. As the even distribution of high-Z element components is of great significance for increasing the attenuation efficiency of X-ray shielding materials, in this study, the microfiber membrane (MFM), a type of synthetic leather featuring hierarchical structure was chosen to provide large surface area for the dispersion of rare earth (RE) element. Meanwhile, plant polyphenol was utilized to achieve the stable loading and uniform dispersion of the Ce or Er into MFM. Benefiting from the assistance of polyphenol and hierarchical structure of MFM, the even dispersion of RE element was successfully realized. The resultant shielding materials displayed approximately 10% superior X-ray attenuation efficiency compared to that without polyphenol, and an averagely 9% increment in X-ray attenuation efficiency than that without hierarchical structure. Moreover, the obtained composite with a thickness of 2.8 mm displayed superior X-ray shielding performance compared to 0.25 mm lead sheet in 16–83 keV and retained an ultralow density of 1.4 g cm –3 . Our research results would shed new light on the manufacture of high-performance X-ray shielding materials with excellent X-ray shielding performance. Graphical Abstract