The role of neutrophil typing in homeostatic resilience protective model of inflammatory preconditioning

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection that results in organ dysfunction. The response of neutrophils to early inflammation is critical, interferon regulatory factors 4 (IRF4) and interferon regulatory factors 5 (IRF5) are expressed in most cell types of the immune system, but the relationship between the role of IRF4 and IRF5 in preconditioning-protected septic peritonitis mouse model and neutrophils response remains unknown. In this study, we used an E.coli-induced septic peritonitis mouse model and zebrafish model to explore the relationship between neutrophil inflammation and IRF subtype changes in the process of septic peritonitis. Mechanistically, we found that the protein complex formed by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and IRF5/MyD88 can secrete pro-inflammatory factors and directly kill invading bacteria. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.