Correlation Analysis of Nutritional Status of Diabetic Foot Patients with Different Wagner Grades

Background The nutritional status of Diabetic-foot (DF) patients in clinic is not good, and there are fewer studies on the nutritional status of DF patients with different Wagner grades at home and abroad. Therefore, by exploring the nutritional status of DF patients with different Wagner grades and analyzing their related factors, this study aims to provide an effective basis for improving the nutritional status of DF patients and improving their quality of life. Objective To explore the nutritional status of diabetic foot (DF) patients with different Wagner grades. Methods Using a cross-sectional study method, 577 patients with DF who were hospitalized between February 2020 and January 2023 in our hospital were selected for investigation and were divided into three groups according to Wagner grading of grade 1–2, grade 3, and grade 4–5, and the simple mini-nutritional assessment scale was used to compare the nutritional status scores of patients in the three groups. The correlation between different gender, age, BMI, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin, prealbumin, white blood cell count (WBC), and Wagner grading was compared, and the nutritional status of patients with different Wagner grading was analyzed. Results Of the 577 DF patients included in the study, 40.4% are malnourished and 49.0% are at nutritional risk. The score of the mini-nutrition evaluation scale was (20.93 ± 3.67) for patients with Wagner grade 1 ~ 2, (17.30 ± 5.35) for grade 3, and (14.22 ± 5.99) for grade 4 ~ 5. Among patients with different Wagner grades, age, diabetes course, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin, and prealbumin are statistically significant ( p < 0.05), and sex and BMI are not statistically significant ( p > 0.05). Conclusions The nutritional status of patients with Wagner grading 3 ~ 5 is significantly worse than that of patients with Wagner grading 1–2. Age, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, WBC, Hb, albumin, and prealbumin have important effects on the development and prognosis of foot ulcers in patients with DF. Healthcare workers should give targeted interventions and appropriate nutritional support through the screening and comprehensive consideration of relevant factors at an early stage in clinical practice in order to improve the general condition of patients, accelerate the purpose of ulcer healing, and thus improve the quality of life of patients.