The Versatility of Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography

This review deals with two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) separations encompassing target heart-cut (LC-LC), multiple heart-cut (mLC-LC), non-targeted comprehensive (LC x LC), and selective comprehensive (sLC x LC) analysis. It presents an overview of basic concepts and emphasizes the versatility of the applications gained by going from one-(1D) to two-dimensional (2D) separations. This review also discusses target analysis of achiral and chiral drugs for different applications and the use of 2D-LC in zonal bioaffinity chromatography. Advances in instrumental and column technologies have widened the application of LC x LC and sLC x LC separations, and we will discuss some of them.