Performance and mechanism of antibacterial activity and organic dyes degradation of WO3/TiO2/(Ca,Y)F2:Tm,Yb loaded on Bio-CaCO3

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has received widespread attention as high stability, low toxicity and costless photocatalyst, but it only exhibits photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet (UV) light. To improve TiO2 photocatalytic efficiency, Bio-CaCO3/WO3/TiO2/(Ca,Y)F2:Tm,Yb was prepared. TiO2 was combined with upconversion materials, coupled with WO3 and loaded on oyster shell powder (Bio-CaCO3), which showed that the prepared photocatalyst effectively reduce the band gap of TiO2, expand the photoreaction range of the material and avoid agglomeration, thus improving its photocatalytic efficiency and antibacterial efficiency. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Bio-CaCO3/WO3/TiO2/(Ca,Y)F2:Tm,Yb (50 mg) was 24.32% higher than that of TiO2/(Ca,Y)F2:Tm,Yb in 90 min. And its antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were enhanced by 38.68% and 25.89% compared to TiO2/(Ca,Y)F2:Tm,Yb, respectively.