Compact high-efficiency broadband/multi-band stacked back-to-back high-gain rectenna based on fourth-order bandpass filter for green environment applications

This paper presents a high-efficiency rectenna based on a high-gain wideband antenna and a wideband rectifier circuit with a fourth-order bandpass impedance matching transformer. The peak measured power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the rectifier hits 73.57% at an input power level of 10 dBm and at a center frequency of 5.4 GHz. The maximum measured DC output voltage is 4.82 V and 4.7 V at 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The proposed rectifier exhibits broadband high-efficiency rectification performance concerning PCE and output voltage as its PCE is higher than 50% within a range from 4.9 to 6.1 GHz at a wide range of input power levels from −4 to 10 dBm. The stacked back-to-back profile saves 50% of the total area of the rectenna. The rectenna operates through a wide bandwidth of 1.3 GHz. It is capable of harvesting power at six interesting bands 4.9 GHz (5G), 5 GHz (WLAN), 5.2 GHz (Wi-Fi), 5.5 GHz (WLAN), 5.8 GHz (ISM), and 6 GHz (Wi-Fi 6E). The maximum measured PCE and DC voltage of the rectenna are 71.46% and 1.87 V, respectively at 10 dBm, 2 KΩ load termination, and 50 cm transmitter-rectenna spacing.