Deciphering genetic-by-environment interaction, pests and disease's reaction, grain quality, and response to fertilizer for targeting high-yielding rice varieties

The high yield (HY) variety is expected can increase the productivity of grain yield but is also efficient with agricultural input and good grain quality. Indonesia has diverse agroecology that needs rice variety can adapt to various environments to overcome yield stagnation. Here, we report an evaluation of eleven HY elite lines and the checks in various environments and their response to main pests and diseases such as brown planthopper, bacterial leaf blight, and rice blast, and addition of the grain quality, and response to fertilizer application. The grain yield adaptability and stability analysis, and phenotypic performance were performed at 16 locations over two seasons (2017 and 2018). The additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and Genotype + Genotype and Environment Interaction (GGE) bi-plot model were performed to know the grain yield stability as well as phenotypic performance. We identified four HY elite lines of rice, namely Inpari Digdaya, Inpari 47 WBC, Inpari 48 Blas, and Inpari Gemah had performed their grain yield across environments higher than the average overall genotypes (>7.38 t/ha). Those elite lines also confirmed their resistance to pests and diseases were different from the existing variety. The grain quality has to meet consumers preference. We identified that the selected HY elite line gave higher grain yield to recommendation fertilizer at two locations compared to the check. Accordingly, to the good of their performance, the elite lines can be an alternative variety for the farmers that had a different genetic background from the existing released variety.