Wavelet-based image decomposition method for NuSTAR stray light background studies

The large side aperture of the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) telescope for unfocused photons (so-called stray light) is a known source of rich astrophysical information. To support many studies based on the NuSTAR stray light data, we present a fully automatic method for determining detector area suitable for background analysis and free from any kind of focused x-ray flux. The method's main idea is "a trous" wavelet image decomposition, capable of detecting structures of any spatial scale and shape, which makes the method of general use. Applied to the NuSTAR data, the method provides a detector image region with the highest possible statistical quality, suitable for the NuSTAR stray light studies. We developed an open-source Python nuwavdet package, which implements the presented method. The package contains subroutines to generate detector image region for further stray light analysis and/or to produce a list of detector bad-flagged pixels for processing in the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software for conventional x-ray analysis.