How Interoperability Challenges Are Addressed in Healthcare IoT Projects.

The rapid development and implementation of Internet of Medical Things has made interoperability a serious challenge. In this scoping review, we provide an overview of the interoperability challenge, as reported in the health literature, and highlight the proposed solutions. After searching between January 2018 and June 2023 in Compendex via Engineering Village and PubMed, we found 18 publications. The interoperability challenges identified were device heterogeneity, system heterogeneity, data standardization, security and safety, system and architecture standard, system and workflow integration and regulatory and compliance requirements. Solutions included ontology approaches, conceptual semantic frameworks, improved standards, design of middleware, and using blockchain technology.