Demystifying the Salt-Induced Li Loss: A Universal Procedure for the Electrolyte Design of Lithium-Metal Batteries

Highlights The loss mechanisms of irreversible Li in electrolytes with various salts (e.g., lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB), and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide (LiFSI)) are systemically revealed. A universal procedure for the electrolyte design of Li metal batteries is proposed: (i) decouple and find the main reason for the irreversible Li loss; (ii) add the corresponding electrolyte additive.