Using 137 Cs Tracer to Assess the Effects of Silvicultural Systems on Soil Redistribution in Hyrcanian Forest, Mazandaran—Iran
European Journal of Forest Research(2023)
摘要
The middle zone of the Hyrcanian forest located in the Mazandaran—Iran has experienced several silvicultural systems in which wood harvesting using clear-cutting, shelterwood, single-selection methods, and reforestation implemented under even- or uneven-aged stands for the past four decades. Studies on their implications led us to apply innovatively nuclear techniques to estimate their impacts on soil redistribution. The reasonability of the 137Cs inventory (4335 Bq m−2) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock (220 t ha−1) in the representative reference site was approved. However, results imply losing ≈ 110 tones of SOC per hectare through silvicultural systems since their initiation. In addition to SOC, the annual soil erosion rate due to cultivated uneven-aged trees was 28.16 tonnes per hectare (1.5 mm yr−1); in contrast, the soil erosion (per hectare) through the cultivation of even-aged trees has been annually 14.5 tones (0.095 mm yr−1). The ability of nuclear techniques to reveal a higher soil-conserving efficiency (≈ 50
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关键词
Coastal watersheds,Erosion/sedimentation,Industrial wood harvesting,Nuclear techniques,Organic carbon
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