An efficient micropropagation protocol for an endangered tree species Aflatunia ulmifolia (Franch.) Vassilcz

Aflatunia ulmifolia (Franch.) Vassilcz. (Rosaceae) is an ornamental plant commonly used for landscaping and is known to form hybrids with other species that have characteristics like frost-resistant and non-rotting rootstocks. However, it is listed as an endangered species in Kazakhstan and is difficult to grow through traditional propagation; thus, in the present study, in vitro regeneration using seed and nodal explants was attempted. Murashige and Skoog (MS), Woody Plant Medium, and Gamborg medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators were utilized. Maximum germination (51.7±4.4