Thermodynamic phases in first detected return times of quantum many-body systems

We study the probability distribution of the first return time to the initial state of a quantum many-body system subject to stroboscopic projective measurements. We show that this distribution can be interpreted as a continuation of the canonical partition function of a spin chain with non-interacting domains at equilibrium, which is entirely characterised by the Loschmidt amplitude of the quantum many-body system. This allows us to show that this probability may decay either algebraically or exponentially asymptotically in time, depending on whether the spin model displays a ferromagnetic or a paramagnetic phase. We illustrate this idea on the example of the return time of N adjacent fermions in a tight-binding model, revealing a rich phase behaviour, which can be tuned by scaling the probing time with N. Our analytical predictions are corroborated by exact numerical computations.