Distribution Systems Line Parameter Estimation with Nodal Injection Constraints in Presence of Vehicle-to-Grid

This paper presents a line parameter, and systematic instrument transformer errors, estimation technique for modern distribution networks. The method is based on measurements provided by smart meters with synchronized measurements capability. The whole measurement chain is taken into account by realistic measurement assumptions, considering typical accuracies of the measurement devices and instrument transformers installed in modern distribution grids. The proposed framework has been validated on a portion of the digital twin of the Forschungszentrum Julich campus, in presence of distributed renewable energy sources and vehicle-to-grid technology. The obtained results show that the estimation accuracy is influenced by specific work conditions of the considered distribution system.