Low-Cost L-Band to Ku-Band Frequency Reconfigurable BAR64-02V Controlled Antenna for Satellite, Military, and Radar Applications

A miniaturized edge-fed multi-band wideband (WB) sensor complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and two folded pedal arms loaded antenna for wireless, ISM, military, Radar, and satellite applications is fabricated, tested, and investigated. The reduced ground plane at the bottom to makes the gain positive and leads to improvement in the radiation efficiency. Loading of antenna patch with two folded bicycle pedal-shaped arms results in an increased total electrical length and hence antenna could be tuned up to higher frequency bands. The appended two folded pedal arms enhance the value of gain and CSRR loading introduces additional resonant frequencies below -10dB reflection coefficient. The symmetrical ground width compression results in total antenna size miniaturization to 43.33% concerning the conventional circular microstrip antenna designed at a frequency of 2.45GHz. The antenna has a bidirectional radiation pattern with a gain of 5.21dBi and a radiation efficiency of 90.50%. The antenna exhibits four bands (2.13-2.58GHz), (2.77-3.89GHz), (5.65-6.56GHz), and (7.77-12.98GHz) within a frequency sweep of 1-15GHz, therefore it, is the most suitable element for Bluetooth, PCS, ISM band, 3G/4G/5G, Wi-MAX/WLAN/ Wi-Fi, and wireless, satellite, military, and RADAR applications. These bands are frequency reconfigured by two BAP64-02V PIN diodes in the pedal-arms fold locations with four switching combinations. The measured (frequency sweep: 1-23GHz) and simulated antenna reflection coefficient values are found in match except for a frequency range of 12-14 GHz. The antenna was fabricated on a low-cost FR-4 that holds well <12 GHz frequencies, and >12 GHz frequencies values this shows nonlinear and frequency dispersion.