Local structure heterogeneity in unique tetragonal BaTiO3-based relaxor featuring ultrahigh electrostrictive effect
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A(2023)
摘要
Relaxor ferroelectrics are characterized by nanoscale structural heterogeneity and show superior electrical properties. However, the complicated local structures in lead-free counterparts are not well deciphered, impeding the understanding of the corresponding relationships between structure and properties. Herein, the temperature-dependent local structures of the unique tetragonal BaTiO3-(Bi0.5Li0.5)TiO3 relaxor, which presents an ultrahigh electrostrictive effect, were studied using neutron total scattering. Significant tetragonal distortion at the 1-10 angstrom local scale persisted between 100 and 500 K, despite the long-range structure having undergone a tetragonal to cubic phase transition. Interestingly, nanoscale Li-Bi clusters were indicated to present in the Ba matrix, with these clusters showing large polar displacements even at temperatures above T-m. A gradual disorder in the local polarization direction with increasing temperature was observed, accompanied by a nearly constant magnitude of the spontaneous polarization. This phenomenon was found to lead to a vanishing of macroscopic polarization during the diffuse phase transition. These findings have contributed to a better understanding of the role of local chemical heterogeneity in the relaxor behavior, and have provided a structural foundation for designing relaxors by utilizing short-range chemical ordering.
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关键词
unique tetragonal batio<sub>3</sub>-based,relaxor
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