Research on drag reduction performance of sliding plate of rice direct seeding machine based on non-smooth structure of loach surface

•Soil adhesion and resistance of soil-engaging components in paddy field are difficult problems.•Loach body surface is covered by scales, the scales have ridged non-smooth structure.•Rice direct-seeding machine bionic sliding plate is constructed based on the non-smooth structure of scales.•Drag reduction rate of ridge-shaped non-smooth structure is 4.21%.•Bionic technology is applied to reduce adhesion and resistance in paddy soil environment.