Nurse practitioner satisfaction with in-person versus telehealth chronic care delivery

Background: The widespread use of telehealth and regulatory changes that enhanced nurse practitioner (NP) practice authority because of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic offers an opportunity to assess postpandemic NP satisfaction with telehealth care delivery and perceptions of its feasibility compared with in-person visits. Purpose: Outpatient chronic care delivery satisfaction and preference were compared among NPs who provide care to adults through in-person and/or telehealth visits and examined NP demographic and clinical characteristics associated with overall satisfaction by care delivery type. Methodology: Data were collected using a cross-sectional, descriptive design through online dissemination of The Care Delivery Satisfaction Survey to a nationally representative sample of 586 NPs. Results: Compared with NPs using both visit types to deliver care, NPs delivering care in-person only had significantly lower satisfaction scores for interpersonal manner (p = .0076) and communication (p = .0108). NPs using telehealth only had significantly higher overall satisfaction and satisfaction subscale scores (all p < .01) compared with NPs using both visit types. Overall, 77% of NPs using both visit types preferred in-person delivery. Conclusions/Implications: NPs delivering telehealth care only were more satisfied with chronic care delivery than NPs using both delivery types. NPs using both types were more satisfied with interpersonal manner and communication compared with NPs delivering in-person care only. Most NPs using both types preferred in-person care delivery. Given increased telehealth use, health systems, academic institutions, and insurance companies can use these study findings to inform policy on telehealth resources and infrastructure.