Model Predictive-Based Load Frequency Control Considering Hybrid Pumped-Battery Storages

Owing to the serious worldwide greenhouse gas pollution, renewable energy utilization has been deeded as a crucial effort for low-carbon development. However, the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable sources brings a great challenge for power systems in maintaining frequency. To compensate for the power disturbance and regulate the frequency, a hybrid pumped-battery storage is introduced herein to participate in load frequency control for a single-area county-level power system. Moreover, a model predictive control strategy is developed to coordinate the pumped-battery storage and minimize the frequency deviation. To verify the effectiveness and advantages, a case study is conducted under the proposed control method based on a county-level power system in Huanggang, China. Simulation results indicate that the proposed model predictive-based control can regulate the output power of the hybrid pumped-battery storage and mitigate the frequency deviation.