Cost Calculation and Analysis of the Impact of Peak-to-Valley Price Difference of Different Types of Electrochemical Energy Storage over the Whole Life Cycle

The application of mass electrochemical energy storage (ESS) contributes to the efficient utilization and development of renewable energy, and helps to improve the stability and power supply reliability of power system under the background of high permeability of renewable energy. But, energy storage participation in the power market and commercialization are largely constrained by its costs. Therefore, under the condition that energy storage only participates in the electricity energy market and makes profits through the price difference between peak and valley, this paper studies the levelized cost of storage (LCOS) of four types of ESS, and analyzes the cost recovery cycles of different ESS in detail. The results show that the cost recovery cycle of ESS power station is negatively correlated with the peak-to-valley price difference. The LCOS of ESS power station is positively correlated with the initial investment cost per unit capacity; negatively correlated with the number of annual cycles.