Transmission grid stability with large scale power flows due to renewables

We propose a general methodology for identifying critical lines in the long-distance transmission of power across large electrical networks. When the system is pushed to its limits of operation due to large power imbalances or contingencies, the network may lose synchrony. We analyze the Continental Europe grid as a case study and find that instabilities emerge due to topological constraints by which the system loses its stable fixed point (synchronized state), causing the grid to split into two asynchronous zones. We discuss also how the modes of the system provide information on which areas are more susceptible to lose synchrony.