Dual-modulus 3D printing technology for magnetorheological metamaterials-part I: Manufacturing and performance

Magnetorheological metamaterial (MRM) with magnetic controllable stiffness based on 3D printing technology have attracted extensive attention in recent years. In this paper, a dual-modulus 3D printing technology is developed to manufacture MRM based on magnetorheological elastomer with high matrix modulus (HMRE) and magnetorheological elastomer with low matrix modulus (LMRE). Due to the ultralow modulus of LMRE and the magnetic-sensitive performance of MRE, the magnetic deformation behavior of dual-modulus printed MRM was prominently improved and compared with HMRE structure. The variable amplitude of MRM equivalent stiffness in magnetic field increases by 328.57%, demonstrating a better adjustable characteristic of MRM. Therefore, owing to the dual-modulus 3D printing technology based on LMRE and HMRE, MRM perform a better adjustable capacity performance and show the application potential in the fields of soft robot and shock absorber.