A wireless triboelectric sensing system with polygonal synchronous driven by bipolar electromagnetic generators for wide wind speed monitoring

The change of wind speed has an important impact on the ecological balance in the wind-eroded grassland. Using the wind speed monitoring technology can promote the sustainable management of grasslands, but commercial wind speed sensors pose certain challenges to energy consumption. Here, a self-powered wide wind speed sensor (SWSS) is proposed, consisting of polygonal cam synchronous driven triboelectric nanogenerator and stereoscopic electromagnetic nanogenerator. The circumferential array cam drive mechanism and the double-optimized silicone film realize the synergistic enhancement effect of force-electric coupling, which makes the synchronous sensing unit output wind speed signals with high sensitivity and up to 0.991 linearity. In addition, at 8 m/s wind speed, the transducer unit with the three-dimensional magnetic field enhanced layout and the energy capture unit with the semi-cylindrical blade designed for installation angle jointly achieved a power output of 69.35 mW, and the energy conversion efficiency reached 6.91 %. Owing to the intermittency of wind energy, the energy closed loop is realized through solar-assisted energy supply and energy management technology. In short, the design, optimization and integration of SWSS provide an innovative strategy for wide wind speed monitoring and sustainable management of wind-eroded grassland.