Enhancing Quick Discovery of Neighbor Devices in Distributed D2D With Adaptive Control at Receiver

Distributed device-to-device (D2D) communication has been gaining attention in recent years. IEEE STD 802.15.8 is an international standard developed for fully distributed D2D. Moreover, 3GPP defines LTE-V2X Mode 4 for distributed D2D without exploiting LTE/5G networks. In absence of central control unit, control functions are executed in a distributed manner. Each device independently contends channel based on CSMA/CA procedure. The possibility of channel congestion increases if the number of neighbor devices is large. When applying distributed D2D communications to flying drones or moving vehicles, congestion may occur dynamically and locally following the movement of PDs. That may deter discovery of neighbor devices. In this paper, we propose an algorithm of adaptive control at receiver for distributed D2D. Each device independently judges if itself falls into congestion situation or not. If congestion occurs, the proposed algorithm enables priority on channel access based on distance between devices so that neighbor devices within short range can be discovered preferentially. We examine the proposed algorithm with multi-agent modeling simulations using Netlogo. The simulation results show both improved broadcast ratio and discovery ratio, that verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control algorithm.