Evaluation of Anti-Quorum Sensing Effect and Biological Activity studies of Novel Synthesized Boron Compounds As An Alternative Portential Against Microbial Resistance

Abstract Boronic acid compounds and natural flavonoid compound quercetin were handled to synthesize novel two ligands encoded as B1(2,2'-(1,4-phenylenebis (benzo [1,3,2] dioxaborole-2,5-diyl)) bis (3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H- chromen-4-one) and B2 ( 3.3.6. 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(2-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)benzo[d][1,3,2]dioxaborol-5-yl)-4H-chromene-4). Antioxidant activities of synthesized compounds were examined in vitro . Antioxidant features of B1 and B2 were investigated by 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and CUPRIC reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Anticholinesterase effects of ligands were determined by acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase methods, cytotoxic effects of ligand (B2) were applied to healthy breast and colon cancer cell lines by MTT method, as well as urease and tyrosinase enzyme activities were determined. Moreover, antibacterial properties of the compounds were analyzed by detecting their anti-QS potentials on Chromobacterium violaceum biosensor system. Both compounds were found to have significant antioxidant effects compared to controls. It was determined that the compound B1 at 1-10 µg / mL was more active than the standards (α-TOC and BHT). It was determined from some enzyme activity studies of B1 and B2 compounds that acetylchoinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibitions were higher than the standard used. In addition, in vitro antiquorum sensing and antibiofilm tests were performed. As expected, boron derivatives exhibited good activity against the biofilm of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and P. aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Biofilm analysis proved the inhibitory effect of boron derivatives by disrupting biofilm formation, reducing the thickness of biofilms and the number of viable bacteria. These results demonstrate the potential applicability of boron derivatives in the treatment of biofilm-associated infections and provide a practical strategy for the design of new boron-based antimicrobial materials. It was determined that compound B2 did not show any toxic effect on living cell lines and breast and colon cancer cell lines.