Risk Governance Policies for Sustainable Use of Nanomaterials

The innovational research in the field of nanotechnology is aimed to support and transform every sphere of human lifestyle. However, the environmental impact of engineered nanomaterials remains the topic of debate among researchers. Nano-components, more specifically nanoparticles, may have produced adverse effects on flora and fauna if accidently or deliberately released into the environment. Till date, there are no specific regulatory policies for the safe use of nanomaterials as they are considered under the broad categories of hazardous chemicals and reactive wastes. The regulations of nanomaterials cannot be similar to the bulk materials due to the huge gap in their properties. The rules should be based upon the scientific understanding of the nanomaterials. With the ongoing globalization of nanomaterials, international coordination, and harmonization, there is an urgent need for making the sound regulatory approaches for the safer use of nanomaterials. This chapter reviews and outlines the risk associated with nanomaterials, current regulatory approaches, and efforts in developing the sustainable nanotechnology.